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Antibody

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  Antibody Each antibody binds to a specific  antigen ; an interaction similar to a lock and key. An  antibody  ( Ab ), also known as an  immunoglobulin  ( Ig ), is a large, Y-shaped  protein  produced mainly by  plasma cells  that are used by the  immune system  to identify and neutralize  pathogens  such as  bacteria  and  viruses . The antibody recognizes a unique molecule of the  harmful agent , called an  antigen , via the  Fab's variable region . Each tip of the "Y" of an antibody contains a paratope (analogous to a lock) that is specific for one particular  epitope  (similarly analogous to a key) on an antigen, allowing these two structures to bind together with precision. Using this binding mechanism, an antibody can  tag  a  microbe  or an infected cell for attack by other parts of the immune system, or can neutralize its target ...