Pathology MCQ with Answers

 

Pathology MCQ with Answers

S.No.	Question	1	2	3	4	5	ANS
1	The branch of biology, which involves the study of immune systems in all organisms is called	Zoology	Microbiology	Immunology	Biotechnology		3
2	Which of the following immunity is obtained during a lifetime?	Acquired immunity	Active immunity	Passive immunity	None of the These		1
3	How many types of antibodies are there?	1	2	3	4	5	5
4	Which of the following cells is involved in cell-mediated immunity?	Leukaemia	T cells	Mast cells	Thrombocytes		2
5	Which of the following protects our body against disease-causing pathogens?	Respiratory system	Immune system	Digestive system	reproductive  system		2
6	Which of the following statements is true about the IgM of humans?	IgM can cross the placenta	IgM can protect the mucosal surface	IgM is produced by high-affinity plasma cells	IgM is primarily restricted in the circulation		4
7	Interferons are	Cytokine barriers	Physical barriers	Cellular barriers	Physiological barriers		1
8	Which of the following cells of the immune system do not perform phagocytosis?	Macrophage	Neutrophil	Eosinophil	Basophil		4
9	Monocytes differentiate into which kind of phagocytic cells?	Neutrophil	B cell	Macrophage	T cell		3
10	The two types of immunity in humans are:	Intrinsic and extrinsic	Innate and the acquired.	Overt and covert.	Internal and external.		2
11	Another name for innate immunity:	Is non-specific immunity.	Is explicit immunity	Is specific immunity.	Is immunity		1
12	The two types of lymphocytes are:	Platelets and the T-cells.	B-cells and the T-cells.	Platelets and erythrocytes	T-cells and erythrocytes.		2
13	The only blood cells that are not considered to be part of the immune system are:	Fat cells.	The red blood cells.	The osteocytes.	Glial cells.		2
14	The physical barriers that form part of the immune system are:	The bones and the mucosal membranes.	The skin, the hair and the mucosal membranes.	The skin, body temperature and the mucosal membranes	the skin and the mucosal membranes		4
15	Chemical barriers include:	Tears, breast milk, sweat, saliva, stomach acid and faeces.	Tears, breast milk, sweat, saliva, stomach acid.	Hair, breast milk, sweat, saliva, stomach acid.	Tears and urine.		2
16	Neutrophils, eosinophils and basophils are known as:	Platelets.	Granulocytes	Buffers	Astocytomas		2
17	The classical pathway is activated by a combination of:	Bacteria, antigen and antibody	Complement, antigen and antibody.	Antigen and antibody	Virus, antigen and antibody.		3
18	Angiogenesis refers to:	The growth of new blood vessels.	The growth of new bone.				1
19	Cytokines are:	Carcinogens.	Bacteria.	Hormone-like polypeptides.	Viruses.		3
20	With acquired immunity the body fails to achieve specific immunity to a specific threat.	TRUE	FALSE				2
21	The acquired immune system is based upon the lymphocytes.	TRUE	FALSE				1
22	The peripheral lymphatic system consists of lymphatic vessels, lymphatic capillaries and the heart.	TRUE	FALSE				2
23	B-cell lymphocytes originate and mature in the appendix.	TRUE	FALSE				2
24	Immunity acquired after an infection is	active immunity	Passive immunity	Innate immunity	All of these		1
25	Immunological destruction of body tissue or product due to antibodies reacting with it as antigen is called	Anaphylaxis	Autoimmune diseases	Prophylaxis	Immunodeficiency disease		2
26	Inflammation reaction is brought about by	Plasma cells	Mast cells	Macrophages	Adipose cells		2
27	Inflammatory response in allergy is due to release by mast cells of	Antibodies	Antigens	Histamine	All of these		3
28	Innate immunity is provided by	Phagocytes	Antibodies	T-Lymphocytes	B-Lymphocytes		1
29	Which one engulfs foreign materials	Macrophages	Plasma cells	Mast cells	Lymphocytes		1
30	Macrophages are derived from	Neutrophils	Lymphocytes	Monocytes	Basophils		3
31	Memory cells are formed from	Erythropoietic stem cells	Monocytes	T-lymphocytes	B-lymphocytes		4
32	O blood group is universal donor because the blood has	Antigen A	Antigen B	Both antigens A and B	No antigens		4
33	Which one helps in differentiation of cells of immune system	Cortiosol	Thymosin	Steroid	Thyroxine.		2
34	Passive immunity is obtained through injecting	Antibiotics	Vaccines	Antibodies	Antigens		3
35	Persons with blood group A posses	Antigen A and antibodies b	Antigen A and antibodies a	No antigen but antibodies a and b	antigens A and B but no antobodies		1
36	Segments of antigen that are recognized by antibody are	Memory regions	Epitopes	Nondeterminants	Self limitation		2
37	Naturally acquired active immunity would be most likely acquired through which of the following processes?	vaccination	drinking colostrum	natural birth	infection with disease causing organism followed by recovery.		4
38	Which of the following convey the longest lasting immunity to an infectious agent?	Naturally acquired passive immunity	Artificially acquired passive immunity	Naturally acquired active immunity	All of these	None of these	3
39	Which of the following substances will not stimulate an immune response unless they are bound to a larger molecule?	Antigen	Virus	Hapten	Miligen	Antibody	3
40	B and T cells are produced by stem cells that are formed in:	Bone marrow	The liver	The circulatory system	The spleen	The lymph nodes	1
41	B cells mature in the……….. while T cells mature in the	Thymus/bone marrow and gut associated lymphoid tissue (GALT)	Spleen/bone marrow and GALT	Bone marrow and GALT/Thymus	Liver/Kidneys		3
42	Which of the following immune cells/molecules are most effective at destroying intracellular pathogens?	T helper cells	B cells	Antibodies	Complement	T cytolytic cells	5
43	A living microbe with reduced virulence that is used for vaccination is considered:	A toxoid	Dormant	Virulent	Attenuated	Denatured	4
44	B cells that produce and release large amounts of antibody are called:	Memory cells	Basophils	Plasma cells	Killer cells	Neutrophils	3
45	The specificity of an antibody is due to	its valence	The heavy chains	The Fc portion of the molecule	The variable portion of the heavy and light chain		4
46	In agglutination reactions, the antigen is a……… and in precipitation reactions, the antigen is a……………	whole cell/soluble molecule	Soluble molecule/whole cell	Bacterium/virus	Protein/carbohydrates	Protein/Antibody	1
47	B Cells are activated by	Complement	Antibody	Interferon	Memory cells	Antigen	5
48	Fusion between a plasma cell and a tumor cell creates a	Myeloma	NK cell	Lymphoblast	Lymphoma	Hybridoma	5
49	Monoclonal Ab recognize a single	Antigen	Bacterium	Epitope	B cell	Virus	3
50	Cell mediated immunity is carried out by………….. while humoral immunity is mainly carried out by………………..	B cells/T cells	Epitopes/Antigens	T cells/B cells	Antibodies/Antigens	Antibodies/Phagocytes	3
51	The ability of the immune system to recognize self antigens versus nonself antigen is an example of:	Specific immunity	Tolerance	Cell mediated immunity	Antigenic immunity	Humoral immunity	2
52	The hallmark of acute inflammation is	Increased blood Flow	Rubor, calor, dolor increased permeability of microcirculation	Increased vascular permeability	Vascular stasis		3
53	The hallmark of chronic inflammation is:	Increased permeability of microcirculation	Migration of macrophages at site of injury	Tissue destruction	Mononuclear cell infiltration		3
54	Choose write statement Regarding acute inflammation	Initial vasoconstriction is the result of  histamine and nitric oxide	Stasis occurs due to vasodilatation and the larger caliber of vessels	Increased permeability leads to protein depleted plasma leaking into the tissue	Initial formation of endothelial gaps lasts for only 15-30 minutes	Cytokines (IL-1 and TNF) are responsible for the early permeability	4
55	Histamine is involved in acute inflammatory responses and is released from mast cells. Which of the following statements is incorrect?	It is found in blood basophils, platelets and mast cells	It causes increased permeability of arterioles	It may be released by physical trauma	It causes constriction of large vessels	It acts on the microcirculation via H1 receptors	3
56	Regarding mediators of inflammation	TNF is a chemokine with chemoattractant properties	TNF contributes to cachexia of disease	TNF and IL-1 are produced mainly by activated leukocytes	PAF causes vasodilation when expressed at high levels		2
57	Chronic inflammation is characterized by all of the below except	Tissue destruction	Angiogenesis	Infiltration with neutrophils	Fibrosis		3
58	Toll like receptors, recognize bacterial products and stimulates immune response by,	Perforin and granzyme mediated apoptosis	FADD ligand apoptosis	Transcription of nuclear factor mediated by NFKB which recruits cytokines	Cyclin		3
59	Which of the following is a characteristic of toll-like receptors (TLR)?	Cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptors	Type I membrane proteins consisting of a recognition and signalling domain	Highly conserved receptors involved in programmed cell death	Promotes activation of the transcription factor NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T cells.		2
60	Hematopoisis is the process of	formation of cell	formation of tissue	formation of bone	None of the These		1